PSM-II Exam Dumps, PSM-II Practice Test Questions
PDF (New 2024) Actual Scrum PSM-II Exam Questions
Scrum is an Agile methodology that has become increasingly popular in recent years. It is widely used in software development and project management, and many organizations are adopting it as their primary approach to project delivery. The Scrum framework consists of several roles, events, and artifacts that work together to deliver high-quality products in a collaborative and iterative manner.
Scrum PSM-II certification exam is a challenging test, and it requires a detailed understanding of the Scrum framework. PSM-II exam is designed to evaluate the Scrum Master's ability to apply empirical thinking and problem-solving skills to complex situations in the Scrum framework. PSM-II exam also evaluates the Scrum Master's ability to facilitate and coach teams to deliver high-quality products.
NEW QUESTION # 25
A multi-national company is using Scrum for product development of their five major products.
What alternatives should the company consider to decide how many Product Owners are needed for these five products?
(choose the best two answers)
- A. There are as many Product Owners as needed to analyze, document, and explain expectations and requirements with all Scrum Teams.
- B. There is one Product Owner responsible for all five products. This person may delegate work to others for specific value, capabilities, and functionality within each product to scale their accountability.
- C. There is one Product Owner for each product (five in total). Each Product Owner may delegate to others for specific value, capabilities, and functionality within their product. The five Product Owners share and align work via Product Backlog.
- D. There is one Product Owner for all five products. This person may not delegate work to others for specific value, capabilities, and functionality, given these are all the Product Owner's individual responsibility.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
A: There is one Product Owner for each product (five in total). Each Product Owner may delegate to others for specific value, capabilities, and functionality within their product. The five Product Owners share and align work via Product Backlog. This is a reasonable alternative, as it allows each Product Owner to focus on one product and its vision, value proposition, and stakeholder needs. The Product Owner can also leverage the expertise and input of other people who can help with the product development, such as business analysts, domain experts, or user representatives. The five Product Owners can coordinate and collaborate with each other through the Product Backlog, which is a single source of truth for the product requirements and priorities.
D: There is one Product Owner responsible for all five products. This person may delegate work to others for specific value, capabilities, and functionality within each product to scale their accountability.
This is another reasonable alternative, as it allows one Product Owner to have a holistic view of the five products and their interdependencies, synergies, and trade-offs. The Product Owner can also delegate some of the work to other people who can act as proxies or representatives for the different aspects of the products, such as features, modules, or components. The Product Owner can still maintain the ultimate authority and responsibility for the Product Backlog and the product value delivery.
References:
Scrum Guide 2020, page 7: "The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team." Scrum Guide 2020, page 8: "The Product Backlog is an emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product. It is the single source of work undertaken by the Scrum Team." Professional Scrum Master II Course, page 22: "The Product Owner may delegate some of their work to others who can help them with the product development, such as business analysts, domain experts, or user representatives. However, the Product Owner remains accountable for the Product Backlog and its content." Professional Scrum Master II Course, page 23: "The Product Owner may scale their role by working with other Product Owners who are responsible for different products, features, modules, or components. However, there should be only one Product Owner per product who has the final say on the product vision and value proposition."
NEW QUESTION # 26
A key concern when multiple Development Teams are working for the same Product Backlog is minimizing dependencies between teams.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
Minimizing dependencies reduces complexity and enhances agility.
NEW QUESTION # 27
Five new Scrum Teams have been created to build one product. A few of the Developers ask the Scrum Master who will coordinate the work between the different Scrum Teams. What should the Scrum Master do?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Visit the five Scrum Teams each day to facilitate alignment and synchronization of their Sprint Backlogs.
- B. Teach the Product Owner to work with the lead developers on ordering Product Backlog in a way to avoid too much technical and development overlap during a Sprint.
- C. Collect the Sprint tasks from the teams at the end of their Sprint Planning and merge that into a consolidated plan for the entire Sprint.
- D. Teach them that it is their responsibility to form Scrum Teams with the skills and knowledge to create an Increment by the end of every Sprint.
- E. Advise the teams to reduce interdependence by working in separate branches and organizing a specific Sprint every four development Sprints to manage integration.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The Scrum Master should do this because it is the most effective way to ensure that the Scrum Teams are self-organizing, cross-functional, and collaborative. The Scrum Master can help the Scrum Teams to understand the benefits of working together as one integrated team, rather than as separate component teams.
The Scrum Master can also facilitate the communication and coordination among the Scrum Teams, and support them in resolving any dependencies or conflicts that may arise.
References:
Scrum Guide 2020, page 7: "Scrum Teams are cross-functional, meaning the members have all the skills necessary to create value in each Sprint." Scrum Guide 2020, page 7: "Scrum Teams are self-managing, meaning they internally decide who does what, when, and how." Nexus Guide 2020, page 5: "When multiple Scrum Teams are working together on the same product, there are additional complexities that arise. These complexities can be reduced by having the teams adhere to a common definition of "Done" and a single Product Backlog."
NEW QUESTION # 28
Several Sprints into a project, the Product Owner tells the Scrum Master that a key stakeholder just started using the product The stakeholder is unhappy with the slow performance, a complaint that the Product Owner agreeswithAs the Scrum Master how will you move this forward?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Explain to the Product Owner that it is up to the Developers to decide on acceptable performance standards as they own the Definition of Done
- B. Bring the concern to the quality assurance members of the Scrum Team and ask them to improve how the system is tested.
- C. Encourage the Product Owner to bring the performance concerns to the rest of the Scrum Team and work together to improve the Definition of Done
- D. Wait to bring this up in the next Sprint Retrospective as this is the appropriate time for the Developers to re-consider the Definition of Done.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation: As a Scrum Master, you are accountable for establishing an environment where the Scrum Team can be effective and deliver valuable products1. One of the ways to do this is by supporting the Product Owner in managing the Product Backlog and engaging with the stakeholders2. In this situation, where there is a performance issue with the product, your best option is:
Encourage the Product Owner to bring the performance concerns to the rest of the Scrum Team and work together to improve the Definition of Done. This option aligns with the principle of empiricism, which is the foundation of Scrum3. Empiricism means that you make decisions based on what is known, rather than what is assumed or predicted3. By encouraging the Product Owner to bring the performance concerns to the rest of the Scrum Team, you are helping them inspect the product Increment and adapt the Product Backlog based on transparent feedback from the stakeholder4. You are also helping them collaborate on improving the Definition of Done, which is a shared understanding of what it means for a product Increment to be complete and potentially releasable. The Definition of Done should reflect the quality standards and expectations of the stakeholders, andshould be updated as needed to ensure that the product meets their needs and delivers value.
The other options are not advisable because:
Wait to bring this up in the next Sprint Retrospective as this is the appropriate time for the Developers to re-consider the Definition of Done. This option is incorrect because it contradicts your accountability as a Scrum Master. The Sprint Retrospective is an opportunity for the Scrum Team to reflect on their performance and identify improvements for the next Sprint. However, it is not the only time for them to inspect and adapt their product and process. As a Scrum Master, you should promote continuous improvement and help the Scrum Team address any issues or impediments as soon as they arise1.
Waiting to bring this up in the next Sprint Retrospective would mean delaying feedback and action, which can lead to waste or dissatisfaction.
Bring the concern to the quality assurance members of the Scrum Team and ask them to improve how the system is tested. This option is incorrect because it goes against your role as a facilitator, who helps the participants have constructive and respectful conversations. By bringing the concern to only a subset of the Scrum Team, you are creating silos and excluding others from contributing or learning. You are also implying that quality is only their responsibility, rather than a shared accountability of the whole Scrum Team. Moreover, you are not asking them for their input or feedback, but telling them what to do, which can undermine their autonomy and motivation.
Explain to the Product Owner that it is up to the Developers to decide on acceptable performance standards as they own the Definition of Done. This option is incorrect because it contradicts your role as a coach, who helps people grow and improve their skills and behaviors. By explaining to the Product Owner that it is up to the Developers to decide on acceptable performance standards, you are dismissing their concern and creating a gap between them and the Developers. You are also ignoring their valuable perspective and input as a stakeholder representative, who has a clear vision of what value means for the product. Instead of explaining, you should be asking questions and listening actively, and facilitating a dialogue between them and the Developers.
References: 1: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-scrum-master 2:
https://www.scrum.org/resources/blog/scrum-master-supporting-product-owner 3:
https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-empiricism-and-why-is-it-important-to-scrum 4:
https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-sprint-review :
https://www.scrum.org/resources/blog/definition-done :
https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-sprint-retrospective :
https://www.scrum.org/resources/blog/facilitation-scrum-masters-superpower :
https://www.scrum.org/resources/blog/quality-shared-responsibility :
https://www.scrum.org/resources/blog/coaching-scrum-masters-superpower :
https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-product-owner
NEW QUESTION # 29
Who can prematurely cancel a Sprint?
- A. The Stakeholders
- B. The Product Owner
- C. The Development Team
- D. The Scrum Master
Answer: B
Explanation:
Only the Product Owner can determine when items being worked on are obsolete.
NEW QUESTION # 30
Which statements are true about the Sprint Goal?
(choose the best two answers)
- A. Sprint Goals often change during the Sprint as new insights emerge during the work.
- B. Sprint Goals give Developers flexibility and creativity on how to implement functionality during the Sprint
- C. The use of Sprint Goals is optional in the Scrum Framework
- D. During Sprint Planning, the Scrum Team crafts a Sprint Goal based on anobjective that the Product Owner would like to achieve that Sprint.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Explanation
According to the Scrum Guide 2020, the Sprint Goal is a short statement that provides direction and focus for the Scrum Team throughout the Sprint1. The Sprint Goal is chosenby the Scrum Team during Sprint Planning, based on the Product Backlog items that they forecast to complete in the Sprint1. The Sprint Goal also gives Developers flexibility and creativity on how to implement functionality during the Sprint, as long as they do not endanger the Sprint Goal1. Therefore, the statements that are true about the Sprint Goal are:
During Sprint Planning, the Scrum Team crafts a Sprint Goal based on an objective that the Product Owner would like to achieve that Sprint. This statement is true because it reflects the purpose and process of creating a Sprint Goal. The Product Owner proposes an objective for the Sprint, based on the current state of the product and the stakeholders' needs2. The Developers then select the Product Backlog items that support that objective, and craft a Sprint Goal that expresses what value they will deliver in the Sprint2.
Sprint Goals give Developers flexibility and creativity on how to implement functionality during the Sprint. This statement is true because it reflects the benefit and outcome of having a Sprint Goal. The Sprint Goal is not a fixed scope of work, but a flexible goal that guides the Developers' decisions and actions3. The Developers can modify their Sprint Backlog during the Sprint as needed, as long as they do not endanger the Sprint Goal1. The Sprint Goal also encourages the Developers to work together rather than on separate initiatives3.
The other statements are not true because:
Sprint Goals often change during the Sprint as new insights emerge during the work. This statement is false because it contradicts the Scrum framework, which defines the Sprint Goal as a commitment by the Developers that does not change during a Sprint1. The Sprint Goal provides coherence and alignment for the Scrum Team, and helps them cope with complexity and uncertainty3. Changing the Sprint Goal during a Sprint would undermine its value and impact, and create confusion and waste.
The use of Sprint Goals is optional in the Scrum Framework. This statement is false because it contradicts the Scrum framework, which defines the Sprint Goal as a mandatory element of each Sprint1. The Scrum Guide 2020 states that "the entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating a valuable, useful Increment every Sprint" and "the Developers commit to achieving the Sprint Goal" 1.
Without a Sprint Goal, there would be no clear direction or focus for the Scrum Team, and no way to measure their progress or success.
References: 1: https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html#sprint-goal 2:
https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html#sprint-planning 3:
https://www.scrum.org/resources/blog/sprint-goal-key-element-scrum
NEW QUESTION # 31
What is the most appropriate action for the Scrum Master to take if the Product Owner is having difficulties managing the Product Backlog?
- A. Have the Product Owner order the items based on size, having the Development Team work on the smallest items first.
- B. Have the Development Team order the work instead of the Product Owner.
- C. Delay the Sprint in order for the Product Owner to have enough time to prioritize the Product Backlog.
- D. Delegate the work to the Assistant Product Owner.
- E. Offer the Product Owner help in understanding that the goal of ordering the Product Backlog is to maximize the flow of value.
Answer: E
Explanation:
The Product Owner's primary concern is the flow of value reflected in the ordering of the Product Backlog.
NEW QUESTION # 32
During the Sprint Retrospective, the team is discussing the quality issues that prevented the team from delivering a releasable Increment at the end of the Sprint. The Development Team does, however, mention that they were able to achieve a high velocity.
What are the best two responses for Steven, their Scrum Master, to take? (Choose two.)
- A. Acknowledge the hard work but remind the Development Team that they need to improve in order to do even more in the next Sprint.
- B. Stress the value of working software over measured velocity.
- C. Facilitate a discussion on how to improve the quality to a level high enough for the Increment to be releasable, even if the measured velocity drops in the next Sprint.
- D. Agree and acknowledge the Development Team's hard work, so they will be motivated to do even more in the next Sprint.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Scrum employs an iterative, incremental approach to optimize predictability and control risk. The primary objective of a Sprint (iteration) is to produce a potentially shippable product Increment. Having an Increment will allow the Scrum Team to know the right thing to do in the upcoming Sprint. Having a velocity is important but working software is the primary measure of progress.
NEW QUESTION # 33
The Product Owner's primary concern is the flow of value reflected in the ordering of the Product Backlog.
- A. True
- B. False
Answer: A
Explanation:
The Product Owner is also known as the value maximizer. He is responsible for maximizing the value of the work that the Development Team does. This is done through the ordering of the Product Backlog.
NEW QUESTION # 34
According to the values of Scrum, which is the best way to create Development Teams?
- A. Provide boundaries to the developers and allow them to self-organize into Development Teams.
- B. Work with the leadership team to allocate members according to skills, seniority and experience to ensure that all Development Teams are balanced fairly.
- C. The Product Owner will create a skills matrix according to what is needed for the project and work with the technical leads to allocate resources to the team.
Answer: A
Explanation:
When the values of commitment, courage, focus, openness and respect are embodied and lived by the Scrum Team, the Scrum pillars of transparency, inspection, and adaptation come to life and build trust for everyone and self- organizing teams will be enabled to choose how best to accomplish their work.
NEW QUESTION # 35
At the end of the eighth Sprint, the internal sponsors are upset and angry with the progress of the product being built. The current state of the product is not as expected and will require additional Sprints and more budget than originally anticipated at the start of the project.
What factors may have led to this? (Choose three.)
- A. The Product Owner has not been engaging with sponsors frequently enough and has not been kept aware of the overall progress of the project.
- B. The sponsors haven't been using the Sprint Reviews to actively engage, and inspect and evaluate progress.
- C. The project plan proposed to the sponsors at the start of the project followed stringently.
- D. The Scrum Master has not ensured transparency.
- E. The scope changes have not been tracked adequately and the change request process has not been followed properly.
- F. The stakeholders have not been using the Daily Scrum effectively to track the Development Team's progress.
Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:
One of the principles of agility includes working closely with business people. In order to manage stakeholder expectation, there must be open communication (through collaboration and transparency) throughout the project cycle. This maximizes alignment, helps with making business decisions, and reduces risk.
Although, the Scrum Guide does not directly state that the Scrum Master is responsible for ensuring transparency it is implicit. The Scrum Master is responsible for the process in which Scrum is adopted and enacted. Scrum is founded on empiricism and the Scrum Master helps those inside and outside the team work in an empirical environment which includes transparency (one of the three pillars of empiricism).
NEW QUESTION # 36
Which two of these situations best demonstrate that a Scrum Team is self-managing?
(choose the best two answers)
- A. Management is invited to the Daily Scrum for a progress update and
subsequently works with the Scrum Master to optimize the plan for the next day. - B. The Developers create their own Sprint Backlog, reflecting all work that is part of the Definition of Done.
- C. The Developers are strictly working within the boundaries of their function description, and are handing off work in a timely fashion to the other members within the team.
- D. Developers collaboratively select and re-plan their work during the Sprint.
- E. The Scrum Team invites the right external people to the Sprint Planning to help them create a complete and detailed Sprint Backlog before the meeting timebox expires.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Explanation
A) Developers collaboratively select and re-plan their work during the Sprint. This situation demonstrates that the Scrum Team is self-managing, as it shows that the Developers have the autonomy and authority to decide how to best accomplish their work, without being directed by others outside the team. The Developers can also adapt their plan based on new insights, feedback, or impediments that arise during the Sprint.
C) The Developers create their own Sprint Backlog, reflecting all work that is part of the Definition of Done.
This situation also demonstrates that the Scrum Team is self-managing, as it shows that the Developers have the responsibility and accountability to create a realistic and achievable plan for the Sprint, based on their understanding of the Sprint Goal and the Product Backlog items. The Developers also ensure that their work meets the quality standards defined by the Definition of Done.
References:
The Scrum Guide, section 2.3 (The Scrum Team), page 7
The Scrum Guide, section 3.2 (The Daily Scrum), page 9
The Scrum Guide, section 3.5 (The Sprint Planning), page 10
The Scrum Guide, section 3.6 (The Sprint Review), page 11
The Scrum Master Learning Path, module 2 (The Scrum Framework), lesson 2 (The Sprint), lesson 3 (The Sprint Goal), lesson 4 (Sprint Planning) and lesson 5 (The Sprint Review) The Professional Scrum Master II (PSM II) Assessment, question 39
NEW QUESTION # 37
A Development Team, that has remote team members, typically spends time before the Daily Scrum to setup the meeting rooms and conference calling equipment and tools in order to have their Daily Scrum.
How should the Scrum Master handle this situation?
- A. Setup the meeting and tell the Development Team that is how it will be done.
- B. Inform management and ask them to solve it.
- C. Allow the Development Team to self-manage and decide for itself what to do.
- D. Ask the Development Team members to alternate who is responsible for meeting setup.
Answer: C
Explanation:
As a self-organized team, they will decide for themselves how to best manage communication between team members. The Scrum Master will only take action if requested OR if he/she observes that there is a potential problem.
NEW QUESTION # 38
How much time is allowed between the conclusion of the current Sprint and the start of the next Sprint?
- A. None. A new Sprint starts immediately following the conclusion of the previous Sprint.
- B. Enough time for the last Increment to finish testing.
- C. Maximum of one day for Sprints that are time-boxed to two weeks.
- D. All of the above are allowed.
- E. Enough time for the Product Owner to prepare the Product Backlog for Sprint Planning.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
NEW QUESTION # 39
At the seventh Sprint Review, the stakeholders seem disappointed and angry. When asked about it, they say the product being built will not meet their needs and will cost more than they anticipated spending. What factors may have led to this?
(choose the best three answers)
- A. Changes to the project plan were not adequately documented and shared. The change request procedure was not diligently followed.
- B. The stakeholders have not been using the Sprint Reviews to actively engage, and inspect and evaluate progress.
- C. The Project Management Office (PMO) and its project managers have not been adequately engaged, causing the project plan to become inaccurate.
- D. The stakeholders were not allowed to enter the development area, or be present at the Daily Scrum.
- E. The Product Owner has not been interacting frequently with the stakeholders and kept them aware of the progress of the project.
- F. The Scrum Master has not ensured transparency.
Answer: B,E,F
Explanation:
Explanation
A) The stakeholders have not been using the Sprint Reviews to actively engage, and inspect and evaluate progress. This is a possible factor that may have led to the disappointment and anger of the stakeholders. The Sprint Review is an event where the Scrum Team and the stakeholders collaborate to inspect the product Increment and adapt the Product Backlog based on feedback and new insights. If the stakeholders do not participate actively in the Sprint Review, they may miss the opportunity to provide input, voice their concerns, and influence the direction of the product development.
D) The Scrum Master has not ensured transparency. This is another possible factor that may have led to the disappointment and anger of the stakeholders. The Scrum Master is accountable for establishing and promoting transparency among the Scrum Team and the stakeholders, by ensuring that everyone has a clear and common understanding of the product vision, the Product Goal, the Product Backlog, the Sprint Goal, the Sprint Backlog, and the Definition of Done. Without transparency, there may be misalignment, confusion, or unrealistic expectations among the stakeholders regarding the product being built.
E) The Product Owner has not been interacting frequently with the stakeholders and kept them aware of the progress of the project. This is also a possible factor that may have led to the disappointment and anger of the stakeholders. The Product Owner is responsible for engaging with the stakeholders regularly and communicating the value, scope, and status of the product development. The Product Owner should also seek feedback from the stakeholders and incorporate it into the Product Backlog refinement and ordering. If the Product Owner does not interact frequently with the stakeholders, they may feel disconnected, ignored, or dissatisfied with the product being built.
References:
The Scrum Guide, section 2.3 (The Scrum Team), page 7
The Scrum Guide, section 3.6 (The Sprint Review), page 11
The Scrum Guide, section 4.1 (The Product Backlog), page 11
The Scrum Master Learning Path, module 2 (The Scrum Framework), lesson 5 (The Sprint Review) and lesson 6 (The Sprint Retrospective)
NEW QUESTION # 40
How often should Development Team membership change?
- A. As needed, while taking into account a short term reduction in productivity.
- B. Never, as it conflicts with the Scrum process.
- C. Frequently in order to share knowledge.
- D. As needed, as long as it doesn't impact productivity.
Answer: A
Explanation:
It is not mandatory that the same team stay together, although it must be understood that any changes to the team will impact how they work together.
NEW QUESTION # 41
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